OnLine Texts Concepts of Person, Self, Personal Identity, Self-Consciousness, Self-Knowledge, etc.


  • The self: Online classics in chronological order

  • Other philosophy texts online

  • Classics in the History of Psychology (Christopher D. Green)

  • Atkinson, Anthony P. 1998. Wholes and their parts in cognitive psychology: systems, subsystems, and persons. Paper presented at the conference "Wholes and their Parts", Maretsch Castle, Bolzano, Italy, 17-19 June, 1998.

    Aune, Bruce, A. 1994. Speaking of selves. Philosophical Quarterly, 44: 279-293.

    Baars, Bernard J. 1996. Understanding Subjectivity: Global Workspace Theory and the Resurrection of the Observing Self. Journal of Consciousness Studies 3.

    Barresi, J. 2001. Extending self-consciousness into the future. In C. Moore & K Lemmon (Eds.), The Self in Time: Developmental Perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, (pp. 141-161).

    Barresi, John. 1999. On Becoming a Person. Philosophical Psychology, 12: 79-98.

    Barresi, John. 1999. On earth as it is in heaven: Trinitarian influences on Locke's account of personal identity.

    Barresi, John and Martin, Raymond. 2001. Self-concern from Priestley to Hazlitt.

    Bayne, Timothy. 2001. Moral Status and the Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 27/1: 87-105. (pdf file)

    Bayne, Timothy and David Chalmers. 2003. What is the Unity of Consciousness? In A. Cleeremans (ed.) The Unity of Consciousness: Binding, Integration and Dissociation, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (pdf file).

    Bermœdez, J. L. 1996. The moral significance of birth. Ethics 106: 378-403 (pdf).

    Bermœdez, J. L. 1999. Nonconceptual self-awareness and the paradox of self-consciousness. in Das Selbst und seine neurobiologischen Grundlagen, hg. von Albert Newen und Kai Vogeley. MENTIS.

    Bermœdez, J. L. 1995. Aspects of the Self: John Campbell's Past, Space and Self Inquiry 38: 489- 501. (pdf)

    Bermœdez , J. L. 2000. Personal and Subpersonal: A Difference without a Distinction, Philosophical Explorations 2: 63-82 (pdf).

    Bermœdez , J. L. 2000 The Cognitive Neuroscience of Primitive Self-Consciousness. Psycoloquy 11 (35) -- with commentary and replies.

    Bermœdez , J. L. 2001. Nonconceptual self-consciousness and cognitive science. Synthese 129: 129-149. (pdf)

    Bermœdez , J. L. 2002. Sources of self-consciousness. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 102: 87-107 (pdf)

    Blackmore, Susan. 1996. Memes, Minds and Selves. LSE, Thursday November 28th 1996 Seminar in the series About Biology.

    Bojadziev, Damjan. 1996. Self-reference in phenomenology and cognitive science. in E. Baumgartner et al (ed.), Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science, Röll Verlag 1996, pp. 313-8

    Bower, Bruce. 2006. Self-serve brains: Personal identity veers to the right hemisphere. Science News Online 169 (6): 90.

    Braude, Stephen. 1996. Multiple Personality and Moral Responsibility. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology 3.1 (1996) 37-54.

    Brockman, John. 1995. The Emergent Self (Francisco Varela). In The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Brook, Andrew. 2004. Kant's View of the Mind and Consciousness of Self. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edward N. Zalta (ed.).

    Brook, A. 2001. The unity of consciousness. The Stanford Electronic Encyclopedia of Philosophy Edward N. Zalta (ed.).

    Brown, Jessica. 1995. The Incompatibility of Anti-Individualism and Privileged Access. Analyst 1 Number 13 (12 MAY 1995)

    Brown, Mark. 1998. Two Advantages of Punctualist Theories of Personal Identity.

    Calkins, Mary Whiton. 1915. The Self in Scientific Psychology. American Journal of Psychology, 26, 495-524.

    Clark, Andy & David J. Chalmers. 1998. The extended mind". Analysis 58:10-23; Reprinted in (P. Grim, ed.) The Philosopher's Annual XXI (1998).

    Clark, Stephen. 1996. Minds, memes, and multiples Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology 3.1 (1996) 21-28

    Cunningham, Craig A. 1995. The Metaphysics of Dewey's Conception of The Self. Philosophy of Education

    Deikman, Arthur J. 1996. I = Awareness. Journal of Consciousness Studies 3(4): 350-6.

    Dennett, Daniel C. 1989. The origins of selves. Cogito, 3, 163-73; Reprinted in Daniel Kolak and R. Martin, eds., Self & Identity: Contemporary Philosophical Issues, Macmillan, 1991.

    Dennett, Daniel. 1988. "Why everyone is a novelist," Times Literary Supplement, 4459 (Sept.16-22, 1988): 1016, 1028-29; Note: Dennett himself sometimes cites this as "Why we are all novelists," which is not the published title. This also appears as The Self as the Center of Narrative Gravity, in F. Kessel, P. Cole, and D. Johnson, eds., Self and Consciousness: Multiple Perspectives . Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1992. Danish translation, "Selvet som fortællingens tyngdepunkt," Philosophia, 15, 275-88, 1986.

    Edge, Hoyt L. 2002. Dualism and the Self: A Cross-cultural Perspective. In Parapsychology, Philosophy, and the Mind , Fiona Steinkamp,ed. Jefferson, NC: MacFarland & Company, Publishers: 33-56.

    Edge, Hoyt L. Luh Ketut Suryani and. 2003. Selves in Bali in Ontology of Consciousness, Helmut Wautisher (ed.) - in press.

    Gallagher, Shaun. 2003. Bodily self-awareness and object perception. Theoria et Historia Scientiarum: International Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies 7 (1): 53-68.

    Gallagher, S. 2000. Philosophical conceptions of the self: implications for cognitive science (preprint). Trends in Cognitive Science 4, No. 1: 14-21. This is followed up by Reply to Cole, Sacks, and Waterman (preprint). Trends in Cognitive Science 4, No. 5 (2000): 167-68, a reply to a comment by Jonathan Cole, Oliver Sacks, and Ian Waterman. 2000. On the immunity principle: a view from a robot (preprint). Trends in Cognitive Science 4, No. 5: 167.

    Gallagher, S. 2000. Ways of knowing the self and the other. Introduction to the special issue on Ipseity and Alterity, Arobase: Journal des lettres et sciences humaines 4 (3): 1-24. Reprinted in: Gallagher, S. and Stephen Watson (eds.)2004. Ipseity and Alterity: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Intersubjectivity. Rouen: Presses Universitaires de Rouen.

    Gallagher, S. and Anthony J. Marcel. 1999. The self in contextualized action. Journal of Consciousness Studies 6 (4): 4-30.

    Gallagher, Shaun. 1999. Self-Reference and Schizophrenia: A Cognitive Model of Immunity to Error through Misidentification. In Problems of the Self, ed. Dan Zahavi and Josef Parnas. (pp. 203-239). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

    Gallese, V. 1999. Objects, Actions and the Self Model. Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness, Electronic Seminar.

    Gazzaniga, Michael and Shaun Gallagher. 1998. The neuronal Platonist. Special Issue: Models of the Self Journal of Consciousness Studies 5 ( 5/6): 706-17. Abstract

    Georgieff, Nicolas and Marc Jeannerod. 1998. Beyond consciousness of external reality. A "Who" system for consciousness of action and self-consciousness. Institute for Cognitive Science (Lyon) Working paper 98-05. Published in Consciousness and Cognition, 7: 465-77.

    Georgieff, Nicolas and Marc Jeannerod. 1999. Deconstruction of Self-consciousness in Schizophrenia. Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness, Electronic Seminar.

    Gergen, Kenneth J. 1997. "Narrative, Moral Identity and Historical Consciousness: a Social Constructionist Account," Draft copy for an edited volume on narrative and historical consciousness, University of Bielefeld, forthcoming.

    Gergen, Kenneth J. 1996. "Technology and the Self: From the Essential to the Sublime,"Chapter draft for Grodin and Lindlof (Eds.) Constructing the Self in a Mediated World , Sage, 1996.

    Gergen, Kenneth J. 1995. "Social Construction and the Transformation of Identity Politics," New School for Social Research Symposium, April 7, 1995.

    Gertler, Brie. 2003. Self-Knowledge . The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Edward N. Zalta (ed.).

    Gertler, Brie. 2001. Introspecting Phenomenal States. Forthcoming in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research .p> Gillett, Grant. (added 1997)A discursive account of multiple personality disorder

    Glynn, Simon. 2000. Identity, Intersubjectivity and Communicative Action. Paideia Project.

    Goldberg, Elkhonon. 1999. The Human Self Construct and Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia. Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness, Electronic Seminar.

    Goodenough, Jerry. 1995. On the methodology of thought experiments

    Gover, Mark R. and James Gavelek. Nd. Persons and selves: The dialectics of identity. (Michigan State University).

    Graham, George. 1999. Self-consciousness, psychopathology, and realism about self. Anthropology and Philosophy, Vol. 2, n¡ 2.

    Grush, Rick. 2001. Self, world and space: The meaning and mechanisms of ego- and allocentric spatial representation. Brain and Mind 1(1):59-92.

    Guney, Hulya. 1998. On Sartre and Self-Consciousness. Janus Head, 1 (1).

    Haddad, William. 1996. "Simulated Personhood," --web document.

    Hamilton, Andy. 1999. . Is there a paradox of self-consciousness?. A Field Guide to the Philosophy of Mind, Book Symposium: The Paradox of Self-Consciousness.

    Harney, John. 1985. "Reincarnation and Personal Identity." Magonia, 19, May 1985.

    Harré, R. 1999. "Social Construction and Consciousness", forthcoming in Consciousness, edited by Max Velmans.

    Henle, Mary. 1962. Some aspects of the phenomenology of the personality. Psychologische BeitrŠge, 6 (3-4): 395-404).

    Higginbotham, James. Nd. Remembering, imagining and the first person.

    Hughes, James J. (added 1998). "Brain Death and Technological Change: Personal Identity, Neural Prostheses and Uploading." Second International Symposium on Brain Death.

    Humphrey, Nicholas. 2000. One Self: a Meditation on the Unity of Consciousness. Social Research 67 (4): 32-39.

    Humphrey, Nicholas and Daniel C. Dennett. 1989. Speaking for Ourselves. Raritan: A Quarterly Review, IX, 68-98, Summer 1989. Reprinted in Daniel Kolak and R. Martin, eds., Self & Identity: Contemporary Philosophical Issues, Macmillan, 1991.

    Hunt, Lynn. 1996. Psychoanalysis, the Self, and Historical Interpretation.

    Hurley, S.L (1997) Non-Conceptual Self-Consciousness and Agency: Perspective and Access. Communication and Cognition, Vol. 30, (Part 1 of Special Issue: Approaching Consciousness) Nr. 3/4: 207-248.

    Hurley, S. L. 1999. The Reappearing Self (Introduction to Consciousness in Action). A Field Guide to the Philosophy of Mind, Book Symposium: The Paradox of Self-Consciousness. Commentaries and Replies

    Hutto, Daniel D. nd. The Story of the Self: The Narrative Basis of Self-development.

    James, William. 1890. The consciousness of self, from The Principles of Psychology. Jeannerod, Marc. 2000. Consciousness of action and self-consciousness. A cognitive neuroscience approach. ISC WORKING PAPERS 2000-1. To appear in : Agency and self awareness : Issues in philosophy and psychology, J. Roessler and N. Eilan (Eds). Oxford, Oxford University Press.

    Jeannerod, M., C. Farrer, N. Franck, P. Fourneret, A. Posada, E. Daprati, N. Georgieff. 2001. ACTION RECOGNITION IN NORMAL AND SCHIZOPHRENIC SUBJECTS. ISC WORKING PAPERS 2001-7. To appear in: The self and schizophrenia, T. Kircher & A. David (Eds). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

    Kapitan, Tomis. 1999. The ubiquity of self-awareness. Grazer Philosophische Studien 57.

    Kihlstrom, J. F., Beer J.S., Klein, S.B. 2002. Self and Identity as Memory. In M.R. Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 68-90). New York: Guilford Press.

    Lanigan, Richard L. 1995. Embodiment: Signs of Life in the Self. Paper presented at the Twentieth Annual Meeting of the SEMIOTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA. San Antonio,Texas, USA. 20 October 1995.

    Leiber, Justin. 1988. "Re(ed) Me; Re(ad) Myself" Philosophy and Literature (1988): 134-139.

    Levinson, Natasha. 1997. "Unsettling Identities: Conceptualizing Contingency," Philosophy of Education .

    Lock, A. 1981. "Hallowell on 'Orientations for the Self'," from A. Lock (1981) "Universals in human conception" , in P.L.F. Heelas and A.J. Lock (eds.) Indigenous Psychologies: The Anthropology of the Self . London: Academic Press, pp19-36, with minor revisions. This is a summary of Hallowell's analysis as set out in his paper "The self and its behavioral environment" (most easily accessible as Chapter 4 of his book Culture and Experience (1955; 2nd Edition, 1971): University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Locke, John. 1690. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
    See especially Locke's Chapter on Identity and Diversity, and the section on Personal Identity: Book 2, Chapter 27.

    Ludlow, Peter. 1995. "Social Externalism, Self-Knowledge, and Memory," Analyst -- 8.1 Preprint #7 (23 FEBRUARY 1995)

    Lycan, William G. (2003). Dretske's ways of introspecting. in B. Gertler (ed.), Privileged Access and First Person Authority. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp. 15-29.

    Mead, George, Herbert. 1913. The Social Self. Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 10: 374-80.

    Metzinger, Thomas. 2000. The subjectivity of subjective experience: A representationalist analysis of the first-person perspective. In T. Metzinger (ed), Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Empirical and Conceptual Questions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. .pdf version.

    Metzinger, Thomas. 1994. Schimpansen, Spiegelbilder, Selbstmodelle und Subjekte. In KrŠmer, S. (ed), Geist - Gehirn - KŸnstliche Intelligenz, Zeitgenšssische Modelle des Denkens. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 41-70.

    Metzinger, Thomas. 1993a. Subjekt und Selbstmodell. Die PerspektivitŠt phŠnomenalen Bewu§tseins vor dem Hintergrund einer naturalistischen Theorie mentaler ReprŠsentation. Paderborn: Mentis. [Out of print; second edition June 1999.]. .pdf version of entire text.

    Miall, David S. 1986. "Emotion and the self: The context of remembering." British Journal of Psychology 77 389-397.

    Morin, Alain. 2003. The Self and its Brain.Science and Consciousness Review, Nov. #1.

    Muldoon, Marc S. 1997. "Ricoeur and Merleau-Ponty on Narrative Identity," The American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 71, no. 1 (1997): 1-18.

    Minsky, Marvin. 1982. "Why People Think Computers Can't," AI Magazine vol. 3 no. 4, Fall 1982. Reprinted in Technology Review, Nov/Dec 1983, and in The Computer Culture, (Donnelly, Ed.) Associated Univ. Presses, Cranbury NJ, 1985

    Morin, Alain. 2002. Do you "self-reflect" or "self-ruminate"? Science and Consciousness Review December 2002, No. 1.

    Mounoud, Pierre. 1995. From direct to reflexive (self-)knowledge: A recursive model. About (self-produced) actions considered as transformations. University of Geneva, Switzerland

    Newitz, Annalee. 1993. "Madonna's Revenge," Bad Subjects 9 (November 1993). (Gender/Sexual Identity).

    No‘, Alva. 2002. Is perspectival self-consciousness nonconceptual? The Philosophical Quarterly. 52 (207):185-194.

    Olson, Eric. 2002. Personal Identity. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edward N. Zalta (ed.)

    Peacocke, Christopher. 1996. Conscious Attitudes, Attention and Self-Knowledge.

    Perry, John. In Press. "The Self" in the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy .

    Perry, John . 1990. "Self-notions," Logos, 1990: 17-31.

    Piefke, M. 2001. Approaches to the Self: Views from Philosophy, Social Psychology, and the Neurosciences

    Puccetti, Roland. 1993. Dennett on split brain Psycoloquy 4(52)

    Rathbone, June. Nd. Survey of literature on the self.

    Saks, Elyn R. (added 1998). The Criminal Responsibility of People With Multiple Personality Disorder

    Shotter, John. 1997. "The Social Construction Of Our 'inner' Lives," Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 1997.

    Soldati, Gianfranco. 1999. .Primitive Self-Consciousness? A Field Guide to the Philosophy of Mind, Book Symposium: The Paradox of Self-Consciousness.

    Stawarska, Beata. 2000. The Self, the Other, the Self as An/other: A Reading of Early Sartre. Paideia Conference.

    Strawson, Galen. 1997. The Self, Journal of Consciousness Studies, 4 (5-6): 405-28. Reprinted in Models of the Self, ed. S. Gallagher and J. Shear (pp. 1-24) Exeter: Imprint Academic.

    Suber, Peter. 1992. "Self-Determination and Selfhood in Recent Legal Cases," the 1992 Emerson Lecture at Earlham College.

    Suddendorf, Thomas. 1999. "Children's Understanding of the Relation Between Delayed Video Representation and Current Reality: A Test for Self-Awareness?" Department of Psychology, University of Auckland (preprint).

    Torriani, Tristan. (added 1998). Rootless Self-Images - Recovering Good and Evil. Trans. from Portuguese.

    Turkle, Sherry. 1997."Constructions and Reconstructions of the Self in Virtual Reality"

    Twardowski, Kazimierz. 1965. Remarks on the Relations between Soul and Body. ["W sprawie klasyfikacji pogladow na wzajemny stosunek duszy i ciala", in Twardowski, Wybrane pisma filozoficzne (Selected philosophical writings), Warszawa, PWN, 1965, pp. 200-204]. From Twardowski's Papers, Polish Philosophy Page.

    Unger, Peter. 2000. " The survival of the sentient." Philosophical Perspectives, 14:

    Varela, Francisco. 1995. The Emergent Self. In John Brockman (ed). Beyond the Scientific Revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Varela, Francisco. 1992. Autopoiesis and a biology of intentionality (.pdf file). In AUTOPOIESIS AND PERCEPTION: A Workshop with ESPRIT BRA 3352. Barry McMullin and Noel Murphy, editors Dublin: Dublin City University, August 25-26, 1992.

    Velleman, J. David. 1999. "Identification and Identity."

    Velleman, J. David. 1999. "Self-consistency as rational autonomy."

    Velmans, Max. 1991. "Consciousness From a First-Person Perspective". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4) 702-719.

    Vogeley, Kai, Martin Kurthen, Peter Falkai, Wolfgang Maier. 1999. The Human Self Construct and Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia. Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness, Electronic Seminar. With commentaries by PC Fletcher , Joaquin M. Fuster, Vittorio Gallese, Elkhonon Goldberg , Albert Newen, Michael Pauen , Douglas Watt.

    Wiggins, David. 2000. Interview: Sameness, substance and the human animal. The Philosopher's Magazine , 12.


    Other Online Texts:

  • Persons and Personal Identity, papers from the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy

  • Individuals with online papers in philosophy (David Chalmers)

  • Directory of Online Philosophy Papers (Joe Lau)

  • Philosophy Resources (Cannonical Texts and links).

  • Early Modern Texts. "Translated" by Jonathan Bennett.

  • Online Papers on Consciousness (David Chalmers)

  • Phenomenology and Cognitive Science - Research Papers

  • Cognitive Science Eprint Archive

  • The Mead Project: Foundational documents in sociological social psychology

  • Bioethics: Journal Articles On-Line (University of Buffalo Center for Clinical Ethics and Humanities in Health Care)

  • Philosophy of Religion Resources and Texts (Maintained by Scott H. Moore, Philosophy, Baylor University).

  • For links to bibliographies, journals, and related associations, return to Research Sources.